2022英语周报hnk答案

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A black hole is a place in space where gravity pulls so much that even light cannot get out. The gravity is so strong because matter has been squeezed into a tiny space. This can happen when a star is dying.

Because no light can get out, people can’t see black holes. Space telescopes with special tools can help find black holes. The special tools can see how stars that are very close to black holes act differently from other ones.

Black holes can be big or small. Scientists think the smallest black holes are as small as just one atom. These black holes are very tiny but have the mass of a large mountain. Mass is the amount of matter, or “staff”, in an object.

Another kind of black hole is called “stellar”(星球黑洞). Its mass can be up to 20 times more than the mass of the sun. There may be many stellar mass black holes in Earth’s galaxy. Earth’s galaxy is called the Milky Way.

The largest black holes are called “supermassive”(超大质量黑洞). These black holes have masses that are more than one million suns together. Scientists have found proof that every large galaxy contains a supermassive black hole at its center. The supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way galaxy has a mass equal to about four million suns and would fit inside a very large ball that could hold a few million Earths.

Scientists think the smallest black holes formed when the universe began. Stellar black holes are made when the center of a very big star falls in upon itself, or falls apart. When this happens, it exploded part of the star into space. Scientists think supermassive black holes were made at the same time as the galaxy they are in.

A black hole can not be seen because strong gravity pulls all of the light into the middle of the black hole. But scientists can see how the strong gravity affects the stars and gas around the black hole. Scientists can study stars to find out if they are flying around, or orbiting a black hole.

When a black hole and a star are close together, high-energy light is made. This kind of light cannot be seen with human eyes. Scientists use satellites and telescopes in space to see the high-energy light.

1.The gravity of a black hole may become so strong that light cannot get out when ____________.

A. the star is going to die

B. special tools are used on it

C. other stars come close to it

D. it is seen from the space telescopes

2.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?

A. A black hole can be very tiny but extremely heavy.

B. The gravity of a black hole holds all light in its center.

C. Scientists observe high-energy light through their own eyes.

D. Some small black holes came into being as early as the universe.

3.Which can be inferred from the passage?

A. Every galaxy must have a black hole.

B. A galaxy is the center of the universe.

C. A galaxy consists of a large group of stars and planets.

D. Earth’s galaxy is called the Milky Way.

4.What does the last sentence in Paragraph 5 suggest?

A. Neither the sun nor the earth is as heavy as a black hole.

B. There is only one supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way.

C. The supermassive black hole had existed before the Milky Way was formed.

D. There is a reason why the large black holes are called “supermassive”.

5.The last two paragraph mainly focus on the question of _________.

A. what a black hole is

B. how black holes form

C. how big black holes are

D. how scientists know about black holes

试题答案

1.A

2.C

3.C

4.D

5.D

【解析】

试题分析：文章大意：文章介绍黑洞的形成，它的特点以及科学家探索研究黑洞的方法。

1. can happen when a star is dying.”可知恒星的死亡可能会形成黑洞。故选A。

2. black holes are very tiny but have the mass of a large mountain”这些黑洞可能会非常小，但是有一座山一样的质量，可知A正确；根据倒数第二段中“A black hole can not be seen because strong gravity pulls all of the light into the middle of the black hole.”黑洞不可见是因为强大的引力将所有的光线吸进黑洞的中间，可知B项正确；根据最后一句“Scientists use satellites and telescopes in space to see the high-energy light.”科学家们使用卫星和太空望远镜查看高能光，可知科学家不是用自己的眼睛，因此C错误；根据第六段中“Scientists think the smallest black holes formed when the universe began.”科学家认为最小的黑洞在宇宙开始时形成，可知D项正确。故选C。

3. galaxy is called the Milky Way”地球所在的星系叫银河系，常理可知星系是有很多星星组成的。故选C。

4. supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way galaxy has a mass equal to about four million suns and would fit inside a very large ball that could hold a few million Earths.”在银河系中心的超大质量黑洞的质量相当于四百万个太阳,是一个可以容纳几百万地球在内的巨大的球，由此可知这是在解释什么叫做“超大质量黑洞”。故选D。

5.

考点：考查科普教育类阅读

(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Smith: Mary, have you got the result of the exam?

Mary: No. How is it?

Smith: Terrible. It seems that only half of the students passed the final exam.

Mary: Really? The exam 1. _ been very difficultthis time.

Smith: Well, I’m really 2. (surprise) too. There are many students who definitely didn’t fail. According to Carl, there are eight boys in his class who failed, 3. (include) himself and Gorge.

Mary: Oh! Gorge is 4. of the top students in the college. What about his sister, Catherine? Did she pass?

Smith: Oh, yes. It seems that she 5. (get) good marks.

Mary: That’s 6. (absolute) unbelievable! Gorge was 7. much better student than his sister, and has been working so hard for the last few months.

Smith: It seems 8. (fair), doesn’t it? But, from 9. I’ve heard, perhaps he worked too hard. He was ill during the week of the exam.

Mary: Oh, I see. These things happen, sometimes. I suppose the teacher will take his illness into account and give him a pass.

Smith: Well, there is a rumor going around 10. the head of the Department is leaving.

Mary: Because of the bad result, you mean?

Smith: Well, I suppose so. I’m not sure. Maybe Mr. Dustin is going to be the new Department Head.

试题答案

1.must have

2.surprised

3.including

4.one

5.got

6.absolutely

7.a

8.unfair

9.what

10.that

【解析】

1.must have 考查肯定猜测。句意：这次考试肯定很难。Must have done表示去过去的肯定猜测。

2.surprised 考查形容词。句意：是的，我很吃惊。

3.including 考查介词。句意：根据卡尔说，他们班里有八个孩子不及格，包括他自己和乔治。

4.one 考查代词。One of the top students 好学生之一。

5.got 考查动词的时态。句意：好像他得了高分。

6.absolutely 考查副词。句意：这完全是难以置信的。

7.a 考查冠词。句意：乔治是一个比较好学生

8.unfair 考查形容词。句意：这好像不公平，不是吗？

9. 考查宾语从句。句意：从我所听说的来说，他也努力学。

10.that 考查同位语从句。句意：有一个谣言，部门领导要走了。

考点：语法填空。

.2022英语周报hnk答案。